20th International Congress of Arachnology

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DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS | No. 3, July 2, 2016
Oral presentation
Surprising sisters among the salticids
Wayne P. Maddison
Departments of Zoology and Botany, and Beaty
Biodiversity Museum University of British Columbia
Vancouver, BC V6K 3S1, Canada
Much of the broad structure of salticid phylogeny has
been resolved using morphology, a several-genes molecu-
lar dataset, and now a genome-wide dataset with a few
hundred loci. Nonetheless, there is uncertainty deep in
the phylogeny, most smaller clades have no phylogenetic
studies, and many distinctive lineages remain to be discov-
ered and placed. Field work in Australasia, Asia and South
America over the last 10 years has uncovered several such
distinctive lineages: sister groups to well-known lineages,
each geographically or morphologically surprising. These
include a larger-bodied sister group to Neon, a relative of
Myrmarachne that is not ant-like, a far-away marpissine,
and a deeply diverging lyssomanine (finally). This talk
will include a quick tour of salticid phylogeny, the field
sites, the living spiders, and of course, their genitalia.
Keywords: jumping spiders, taxonomy, systematics, Herb
Levi
Poster presentation
Phylogeny with introgression in Habronattus
jumping spiders revealed by transcriptomes
(Araneae: Salticidae: Harmochirina)
Wayne Maddison1,2 , Genevieve Leduc-Robert1,2
1Department of Zoology, University of British Colum-
bia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z4; 2 Department of
Botany and the Beaty Biodiversity Museum, Univer-
sity of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
The approximately-100 species of Habronattus are
notable for their complex and diverse courtship displays,
and frequent evolution of neo-Y chromosomes. The
group’s phylogeny has been reconstructed with morphol-
ogy by Griswold and two genes by Maddison & Hedin, but
poorly resolved areas remain that hinder interpretation
of character evolution. Hybridization and introgression
among distant species, suggested by previous molecular
data, may play an important role in the group’s evolution,
but its extent has been unclear. We assembled transcrip-
tomes for 34 Habronattus and 2 outgroup species and
conducted a concatenated phylogenetic analysis using
Maximum Likelihood for 2.41 Mb of nuclear data and for
12.33 kb of mitochondrial data. The concatenated nuclear
phylogeny was resolved with high bootstrap support (95–
100%) at most nodes. Several instances of mitochondrial
introgression are suggested by mitochondrial-nuclear dis-
cordance. Bayesian Concordance Analysis and Patterson’s
D and DFOIL statistics indicate introgression in the viridi-
pes/clypeatus/coecatus group and the americanus group,
some distant, with (for instance) one undescribed Mexican
species showing about 20% of its genome introgressed
from a different species group. Thus, although divergent
branching dominates the history of genetic descent in
Habronattus, reticulate evolution may have been frequent
enough to play an important role in shaping the group.
Keywords: phylogenomics, introgression, incomplete
lineage sorting, Salticidae, Plexippini
Student - Poster presentation
Do RTA-clade spiders possess the same
suite of silk genes as orb-web weaving
spiders?
Andrew Mah, Nadia Ayoub, Janelle Vienneau-Hathaway
Washington and Lee University, 204 West Washington
Street, Lexington, VA 24450, USA
Key innovations are traits that promote speciation and
the ecological success of a clade. Key innovations are
verified through sister-group comparisons, which requires
understanding when a trait originated and the relation-
ships between groups with the trait and their sister groups,
both of which are accomplished through phylogenetic
analysis. For spiders, there are two conflicting phyloge-
netic hypotheses, however, which affect the classification
of two key innovations in spider evolution, the orb web
and aggregate gland sticky-glue droplets, which must be
resolved before we can begin to determine whether these
20th International Congress of Arachnology